Algorithms and Data Structures

Every developer, at some point, asks: “Is there a better way to do this?” That’s where algorithms and data structures step in. This section breaks down core concepts with real-world dev use cases—whether you’re building compilers, processing data streams, or cracking coding contests. It’s about writing smarter code, not just faster code.

RSS Feed

Why Your Browser Uses a Tree (DOM) and How It Actually Works

#Web Development#Browser Internals#DOM#JavaScript#HTML#Frontend

Dive deep into the Document Object Model (DOM), understanding why browsers represent your web content as a tree structure, how it's built, and its fundamental role in rendering and interactive web experiences.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

Why Every Dev Should Implement a Trie at Least Once

#Data Structures#Algorithms#Computer Science#Programming#Developer Skills#Interview Prep

Delve into the elegance and utility of Tries (Prefix Trees). This post explores why hands-on implementation of this often-overlooked data structure is a crucial rite of passage for any developer looking to deepen their understanding of efficient string operations and algorithmic thinking.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

Why Blockchain Is Just a Fancy Linked List with Hashes

#Blockchain#Data Structures#Linked List#Cryptography#Hashing#Distributed Systems#Web3#Computer Science

Beneath the hype and complexity, blockchain fundamentally relies on the elegant combination of two core computer science principles: the linked list and cryptographic hashing. This post demystifies blockchain by dissecting its foundational structure.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

When to Reach for a Linked List (And When Not To)

#Data Structures#Algorithms#Linked List#Array#Computer Science#Performance#Programming#Software Engineering

A deep dive into the practical considerations for choosing between linked lists and arrays, focusing on performance, memory, and common use cases. Understand the nuanced trade-offs to make informed data structure decisions.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

When Priority Queues Save You in Scheduling Apps

#data structures#algorithms#software engineering#scheduling#productivity#computer science#heap#priority queue#application development#system design

Dive deep into how the Priority Queue data structure becomes an indispensable tool for building robust, intelligent, and fair scheduling applications, moving beyond simple FIFO to handle complex prioritization scenarios.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

When Maps Make Magic Real-Time Location Matching with Hash Tables

#Data Structures#Algorithms#Geospatial#Real-Time Systems#Software Engineering#Location Services

Explore how hash tables, combined with spatial indexing techniques like Geohash and S2 cells, power real-time location matching in applications like ride-sharing and delivery services, discussing their benefits, challenges, and practical implementations.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

What Makes a Good Undo Button Enter the Stack

#UI/UX#Software Design#Data Structures#Stack#Undo/Redo#User Experience#Productivity#Command Pattern

Explore the critical role of the undo button in user experience and productivity. Delve into the underlying data structures, particularly the stack, and discuss best practices for implementing a truly effective undo/redo system in software applications.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

The Classic Knapsack Problem as a Budget App Feature

#Algorithms#Optimization#Finance#Budgeting#Personal Finance#App Development#Data Structures

Explore how the venerable Knapsack Problem, a cornerstone of combinatorial optimization, can revolutionize personal finance by helping budget apps empower users to maximize value from their spending.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

The Algorithm Behind Your Uber Fare Estimate (Hint Its Dijkstra)

#Algorithms#Dijkstra#Pathfinding#Uber#RideSharing#ComputerScience#DataScience#Mapping#SoftwareEngineering

Ever wondered how Uber magically knows what your trip will cost before you even hail a ride? Dive deep into the sophisticated algorithms, with Dijkstra's at its core, that power one of the most impactful features of modern ride-sharing.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

Sorting Algorithms in Everyday Life From Leaderboards to Product Feeds

#Algorithms#Data Structures#Software Engineering#Computer Science#Optimization

Unraveling the ubiquitous role of sorting algorithms in the digital products we use daily, from ranking gaming leaderboards to organizing your e-commerce product feeds, and how different algorithms power these experiences.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

Search Indexing Explained with Inverted Indexes and Hash Maps

#Search Engines#Indexing#Inverted Index#Hash Map#Data Structures#Information Retrieval#Algorithms#System Design

Delve into the core mechanisms behind lightning-fast search engines. This post demystifies search indexing, focusing on the fundamental roles of inverted indexes and hash maps in transforming raw data into instantly searchable information.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

Real-Time Search in 100ms Using Prefix Hashing

#real-time search#prefix hashing#algorithms#data structures#performance optimization#low-latency#search engines#system design

Dive deep into the architecture of achieving ultra-low latency real-time search, particularly for prefix-based queries, leveraging the power of prefix hashing. Explore the data structures, optimizations, and crucial trade-offs behind a sub-100ms search experience.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

Rate Limiting APIs with Queues and Sliding Windows

#API#Rate Limiting#System Design#Distributed Systems#Concurrency#Queues#Sliding Window#Microservices#Scalability

Explore advanced API rate limiting techniques using the precise Sliding Window algorithm and resilient Queues to manage traffic, prevent abuse, and ensure service stability.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

Queues in the Wild How Print Jobs and Support Tickets Work

#Data Structures#Computer Science#System Design#Software Engineering#Operations#Customer Service

Dive deep into the world of queues, a fundamental data structure, by exploring real-world applications like managing print jobs and orchestrating customer support tickets. Understand the 'why' and 'how' behind these invisible yet crucial systems.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

PageRank The Graph That Made Google Famous

#PageRank#Google#Algorithms#Search Engines#SEO#History#Web#Graph Theory#Computer Science

Delve into PageRank, the revolutionary algorithm that transformed web search by leveraging link structures, and discover its foundational role in Google's rise to dominance. Understand its mechanics, impact, and evolution.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

Memory Allocation How OS Uses Data Structures to Manage Apps

#Operating Systems#Memory Management#Data Structures#Computer Science#System Programming#Virtual Memory#Kernel

Delve into the intricate world of operating system memory management, exploring how sophisticated data structures like page tables, free lists, and memory descriptors enable efficient, secure, and robust application execution.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

Making Markdown Rendering Fast with Trees and State Machines

#Markdown#Parsing#Performance#AST#State Machines#Web Development#Algorithms

Explore how Abstract Syntax Trees (ASTs) and State Machines are fundamental to building highly performant and robust Markdown parsers, enabling fast rendering and powerful text processing.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

Implementing an LRU Cache to Make Web Apps Feel Snappy

#Caching#Performance#Web Development#Algorithms#Data Structures#LRU#JavaScript#Backend#Frontend

Discover how to implement a Least Recently Used (LRU) cache to dramatically improve the responsiveness and performance of your web applications by intelligently managing frequently accessed data.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

How YouTube Uses Caching Trees for Video Recommendation

#YouTube#Recommendations#Caching#Machine Learning#AI#Scalability#Engineering#Distributed Systems

Dive deep into how YouTube leverages sophisticated caching strategies, including the concept of "caching trees," to deliver hyper-personalized video recommendations at an unprecedented scale.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

How Spotify Uses Shuffling Algorithms (It’s Not Really Random)

#Music Tech#Algorithms#User Experience#Data Science#Spotify

Delve into the fascinating world of Spotify's 'random' shuffle, exploring why true randomness often feels anything but, and how clever algorithms create a more satisfying listening experience by design.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

How Netflix Uses Heaps to Prioritize Your Streams (and Why it Matters)

#Netflix#Streaming#Data Structures#Heaps#Algorithms#Distributed Systems#System Design#Backend Engineering#Scalability

Delve into the core data structures that underpin Netflix's seamless streaming experience. This post explores how priority queues, often implemented using heaps, are fundamental to managing and prioritizing the vast array of requests and tasks in a distributed system at Netflix's scale.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

How Memory Leaks Relate to Poor Data Structure Choice

#Memory Management#Data Structures#Software Engineering#Performance Optimization#Debugging#Programming

Dive deep into the intricate relationship between poorly chosen data structures and the insidious problem of memory leaks, exploring real-world scenarios and prevention strategies.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

How Load Balancers Use Round Robin and Queues

#Load Balancing#Networking#System Design#Round Robin#Queues#Scalability#High Availability#Distributed Systems

Dive deep into the fundamental strategies load balancers employ, specifically focusing on the Round Robin algorithm and the critical role of queues in managing and distributing network traffic efficiently across server fleets.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

Graphs at Work Modeling Your Social Network Friend Suggestions

#graphs#social networks#algorithms#data modeling#machine learning#recommendation systems#graph databases#network theory#link prediction#data science

Delve into the fascinating world of graph theory and algorithms that power social network friend suggestions. Explore common neighbor analysis, advanced machine learning techniques, and the critical challenges of building recommendation systems at scale.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

Graph Coloring in Action Time Table Scheduling Made Easy

#Graph Theory#Algorithms#Optimization#Scheduling#Computer Science#Discrete Mathematics#Applied Math#Problem Solving

Discover how the elegant mathematical concept of graph coloring provides a powerful framework for solving complex real-world scheduling challenges, from university timetables to examination schedules, by transforming conflicts into color assignments.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

Garbage Collection Demystified Mark and Sweep Explained Visually

#Garbage Collection#Memory Management#Programming#System Design#Software Engineering#Java#Python#JavaScript

Dive deep into the world of automatic memory management with a comprehensive, visual explanation of the fundamental Mark and Sweep garbage collection algorithm. Understand its mechanics, advantages, and limitations.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

Flood Fill Algorithms in Design Tools How the Paint Bucket Works

#Algorithms#Graphics#Computer Graphics#Design Tools#Flood Fill#Image Processing#Paint Bucket#Programming

A deep dive into the fascinating world of flood fill algorithms, explaining how the humble paint bucket tool in design software achieves its magic, exploring various implementations and their nuances.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

Dynamic Programming in Action Why Google Docs Feels Instant

#Dynamic Programming#Google Docs#Real-time Collaboration#Algorithms#Web Development#Performance

Unpack the engineering marvel behind Google Docs' seamless performance, exploring how sophisticated algorithms like Dynamic Programming contribute to its real-time responsiveness and collaborative magic.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

Dynamic Arrays in JS What Happens When You Push Too Far

#JavaScript#JS#Arrays#Performance#V8#Memory#Data Structures#Web Development#Optimization

Dive deep into JavaScript's dynamic arrays. Uncover the hidden performance costs of pushing elements, how JS engines optimize, and what happens when those optimizations fail. Learn to write more efficient array-handling code.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

Detecting Cycles in Networks and Routers (Why It Matters)

#networking#network security#routing#switching#network management#algorithms#cybersecurity#network design#infrastructure

Delve into the critical importance of identifying and preventing network cycles, exploring the damage they cause, and the advanced mechanisms and protocols network professionals employ to maintain a stable, performant, and secure network infrastructure.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

Designing a Syntax Highlighter with Finite State Machines

#FSM#Finite State Machine#Syntax Highlighting#Lexical Analysis#Tokenization#Programming#Computer Science#Compiler Design#Text Editor

Dive into the fascinating world of how your code editor understands what you type. This post explores the core principles behind syntax highlighting, focusing on the indispensable role of Finite State Machines (FSMs) in the lexical analysis phase.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

Building a Real-Time Chat App Why Queues and Buffers Matter

#real-time#chat app#queues#buffers#system design#message brokers#Kafka#RabbitMQ#Redis#WebSockets#scalability#distributed systems

Delve into the often-overlooked but critical role of queues and buffers in crafting robust, scalable, and resilient real-time chat applications. Learn how these fundamental data structures and architectural patterns prevent data loss, manage spikes, and ensure a smooth user experience.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

Building a Note Search That Feels Instant (Thanks to Tries)

#Data Structures#Algorithms#Search#Productivity#Software Engineering#Python

Explore how Tries (prefix trees) can transform your personal note search into an incredibly fast, instant experience, perfect for autocomplete and keyword retrieval.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

Binary Search in Real Life Why Guessing Prices Is So Efficient

#Algorithms#Computer Science#Efficiency#Problem Solving#Data Structures#Real World Applications

Explore the surprising efficiency of binary search, a fundamental computer science algorithm, through everyday examples like guessing game shows, troubleshooting, and finding information, revealing why structured searching beats random guesses every time.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

Behind the Scenes How Your Compiler Uses Abstract Syntax Trees

#Compiler#AST#Programming Languages#Software Engineering#Computer Science#Parsing#Code Analysis#Intermediate Representation

Ever wondered what magic happens after you hit 'compile'? Dive deep into the world of compilers and discover the unsung hero: the Abstract Syntax Tree (AST). This post dissects how ASTs are built, why they're indispensable for semantic analysis, optimization, and code generation, and their surprising role in your everyday development tools.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

B-Trees and How Your File System Actually Stores Stuff

#Data Structures#File Systems#B-Trees#Operating Systems#Storage#Computer Science

Ever wondered how your operating system manages to find that specific file among millions, almost instantly? Dive deep into the elegant world of B-Trees, the foundational data structure that powers modern file systems and databases, explaining how they minimize disk I/O and keep your data organized and accessible.

Read more →

June 17, 2025

Autocomplete Ranking with Tries + Heuristics

#Algorithms#Data Structures#Autocomplete#Tries#Heuristics#Search#Ranking#Engineering

Dive deep into how autocomplete systems go beyond simple prefix matching, using powerful data structures like Tries combined with intelligent heuristics for superior ranking and user experience.

Read more →

June 17, 2025